Answer 2 for PUB 540 What are the two main types of analytic studies? 

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Analytical studies help identify and quantify associations. In order to test hypotheses and answer the how and why analytical studies are categorized by two types. Most importantly the key feature of analytical is the comparison of groups (Provost, 2011). The two types are known as observational and experimental.  According to the CDC studies the experimental component is made up of random control trials while the observational utilizes cross-section, case-control, and cohort. Investigators began to determine through a controlled environment with a clinical or community trial exposure and record over time the effects of the effects of the exposure (CDC, 2019). The trial is conducted depending on the hypothesis that’s being tested which was established by the epidemiologist. Moreover, the observational studies utilize data that has been gathered from community, induvial, and populations as a whole thru questionnaire.

Previously learned through scientific projects that hypotheses are nothing more than educated guest. To specify hypothesis are tested against data that has been gathered for acceptance or decline. Within analytical studies hypotheses are utilized to evaluated relationship between given variables and samples.  Hypothesis testing remains the common approach and is known to be beneficial through medical science.  An example would be the following scenario: Research intends to identify relationship between height and gender. Furthermore, an assumption or hypothesis will be developed based on one’s knowledge about human physiology. Hypothesis could Men on average have taller height than women.  Next, you’ll collect information and then execute statistical testing and determine if the data gather support or refute the hypothesis.

Reference:

CDC. (2019). Principle of epidemiology. Center for Disease Control and Prevention. https://www.cdc.gov/csels/dsepd/ss1978/lesson1/section7.html

Provost L. P. (2011). Analytical studies: a framework for quality improvement design and analysis. BMJ quality & safety, 20 Suppl 1(Suppl_1), i92–i96. https://doi.org/10.1136/bmjqs.2011.051557

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