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When a medical crisis strikes, nurses are on the front lines to keep patients healthy and safe. An all-hands-on-deck situation like a pandemic or natural disaster means staff nurses may need support to handle the accompanying turmoil. In a crisis, the emotional well-being of nurses and nurse leaders is paramount to patient safety. Maintaining this…

In a hospital setting, nurse leaders oversee patient care, ensure the delivery of quality improvements, and supervise nursing staff. Ultimately, nurse leaders cultivate synergy that brings healthcare teams together to solve problems and improves patient outcomes. High-performance leadership creates effective and productive nursing teams, but developing and cultivating teams is not easy. High-performing teams happen…

As leaders, nurse executives are paramount to successful mergers and acquisitions. The American Nurses Association (ANA) said nurse leaders could make improvements that impact patient care, foster a safe and healthy workplace, craft a vision for the future and drive quality improvements. The ANA suggested nine principles to improve the effectiveness as a leader, which can apply…

The Theory of Caritative Caring was developed by Katie Eriksson. This model of nursing distinguishes between caring ethics, the practical relationship between the patient and the nurse, and nursing ethics. Nursing ethics are the ethical principles that guide a nurse’s decision-making abilities. Caritative caring consists of love and charity, which is also known as caritas,…

  The Tidal Model of nursing, created by Phil Barker, Poppy Buchanan-Barker and their colleagues, is widely used in mental health nursing. It views health and illness as fluid, and life as a journey undertaken on an ocean of experience. However, it states that patients can become physically, emotionally, or spiritually shipwrecked. This metaphor of water throughout…

Lydia E. Hall developed the Care, Cure, Core Theory of Nursing in the late 1960s as a result of her work in psychiatry, as well as her experiences at the Loeb Center. In her career, she promoted involvement of community members in health-care issues, as well. Also known as “the Three Cs of Lydia Hall,” Hall’s theory…

Florence Nightingale is attributed with establishing the modern practice of nursing. She also contributed to the field with nursing theories still used today. One of her nursing theories is the Environmental Theory, which incorporates the patients’ surrounding environment in his or her nursing care plan. In this theory, the role of the nurse is to use the patient’s environment…

In 1970 she began developing her Systems Model as a way to teach introductory nursing to students by giving them a holistic view of patients that included the physiological, psychological, sociological, and developmental aspects. It was first developed as a graduate course guide, and in 1972, the May/June edition of Nursing Research published “A model for teaching total person…

Levine developed the Four Conservation Principles. In this model, the goal of nursing is to promote adaptation and maintain wholeness using the principles of conservation. The model guides nurses to focus on the influences and responses at the level of the organism. Nurses accomplish the theory’s goal through the conservation of energy, structure, and personal and…