NHS FPX 4000 Assessment 1 Developing a Health Care Perspective

Nurses are among the frontline healthcare team whose direct role involves patient care as well as case management in hospital establishments. Despite their pivotal role in patient management, health institution has over the past decades witnessed a surge in nurse shortage (Kelly et al., 2021). The decrease in number of these professionals have been compounded by the increasing number of the ageing population together with the dual burden of both communicable as well as non-communicable illnesses. The current shortage of qualified nurses duplicates serious challenges of burnout among the providers and this has a ripple effect in compromised healthcare outcomes to patients.

Overview of the Selected Topic

Nurse burnout is a matter of interest not only to patients but also to health industry as a whole. With the burnout, patients remain vulnerable to errors in diagnosis and poor health outcomes. Health institutions also bear the brunt of nurse burnout especially when the patients have to remain within their premises longer than expected. The most disinteresting aspect of fatigue among nurses are on increased cost of care due to prolonged length of stay to hospitalized patients (Griffiths et al., 2020). Hence, it is essential to address burnout among nurses in a bid to cut on cost of care occasioned by errors in diagnoses or patient management.

Even though nurse burnout has a direct effect on patient outcome and increased cost for health facilities, it also affects nurse students during clinical practice. A case scenario occurred during my placement at a health facility where I experienced workplace incivility from one of the senior nurse staff. Plan of management for a specific patient under my care was not communicated clearly by the nurse and this led to errors in prescription drug administration to the patient (Muir et al., 2022). Lucky enough, the wrong prescription did not pose eminent danger of health to the patient but it damaged my reputation as my competency on patient care was questioned. However, it came to my realization that the nurse handled a lot of patients and worked a straight 12-hour shift in a day. Besides, she had other administrative duties as she was the nurse in-charge in the station of placement.

Peer-reviewed Articles

In order to address the issue of burnout among nursing care providers in a facility, four research articles were selected. These are literature materials published in English and whose limits of study are within 3 to 5 years. The articles are outlined below

I. Griffiths, P., Saville, C., Ball, J., Jones, J., Pattison, N., Monks, T., & Safer Nursing Care Study Group. (2020). Nursing workload, nurse staffing methodologies and tools: A systematic scoping review and discussion. International Journal of Nursing Studies, 103, 103487. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijnurstu.2019.103487

II. Kelly, L. A., Gee, P. M., & Butler, R. J. (2021). Impact of nurse burnout on organizational and position turnover. Nursing outlook, 69(1), 96-102. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.outlook.2020.06.008

III. Muir, K. J., Wanchek, T. N., Lobo, J. M., & Keim-Malpass, J. (2022). Evaluating the Costs of Nurse Burnout-Attributed Turnover: A Markov Modeling Approach. Journal of Patient Safety, 18(4), 351-357. https://doi: 10.1097/PTS.0000000000000920

IV. Wei, H., King, A., Jiang, Y., Sewell, K. A., & Lake, D. M. (2020). The impact of nurse leadership styles on nurse burnout: A systematic literature review. Nurse Leader, 18(5), 439-450. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.mnl.2020.04.002

The search for the preceding literature materials was made through the use of text words and medical subject heading related to burnout among nursing care providers. Articles were selected from Google Scholar, Medline, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trails and EMBASE. The inclusion criteria took into account articles published between 3 to 5 years to ensure the selected items are address the current research. Each study material was analyzed as a way to minimize risk of bias as well as to affirm the relevance of the findings for this research. The literature search strategy also involved the use of a Critical Appraisal Skills Programme (CASP) tool to appraise research articles for randomized control studies (RCTs). The Newcastle-Ottawa Scale (NOS) tool was used to ascertain the quality of non-randomized selected materials.

Summary of Peer-reviewed Articles

Griffiths, P., Saville, C., Ball, J., Jones, J., Pattison, N., Monks, T., & Safer Nursing Care Study Group. (2020). Nursing workload, nurse staffing methodologies and tools: A systematic scoping review and discussion. International Journal of Nursing Studies, 103, 103487. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijnurstu.2019.103487

Authors for the article describe how nursing staff levels tools can be used to determine

staff requirements in acute hospital wards. The aim of the study was to ascertain the

effectiveness and accuracies of these tools during staff deployment to match patient needs in a

hospital. The article contains an abstract to provide a summary of the topic of research. In an

overview of the introduction, authors have outlined the purpose and rationale of the article. Key

terms used in the research have been outlined but not explained. The article involved review of

materials from CINAHL, Medline and Cochrane Library.

Findings indicate that patient-to-nurse ratios, time-tasked methods and patient

classification are key tools used to determine nurse staffing requirements to enhance patient care

in health facility. However, in conclusion, the publication does not single out the best tool that

can be used for priority staffing of nurses in acute care.

Kelly, L. A., Gee, P. M., & Butler, R. J. (2021). Impact of nurse burnout on organizational and position turnover. Nursing outlook, 69(1), 96-102. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.outlook.2020.06.008

The editorial expands understanding on the influence of nurse burnout turnover among

nurses in an organization. The purpose and scope are well summarized in the abstract of the

publication. Key words used in the study have been stated but not explained to help readers

understand the concepts. The article is comprehensive and contains current findings that are vital

in addressing the topic under the present. In the methodology, the authors surveyed nurses in

three health facilities between 2018 and 2019. The approach provided primary data and hence

forms in an inclusion criterion to address the challenge of nurse burnout in present time.

Findings suggest that nurses suffer from moderate burnout identified through emotional

exhaustion and cynicism. Burnout caused by emotional exhaustion led to significant rise of 12%

of nursing staff leaving the organization. In conclusion, burnout affect wellbeing of employees

and therefore contributes to exit of workers where it remains prevalent.

Muir, K. J., Wanchek, T. N., Lobo, J. M., & Keim-Malpass, J. (2022). Evaluating the Costs of Nurse Burnout-Attributed Turnover: A Markov Modeling Approach. Journal of Patient Safety, 18(4), 351-357. https://doi: 10.1097/PTS.0000000000000920

In this informative piece, authors use a Markov approach to evaluate the cost of nurse

turnover related to burnout in health institution. The article contains an abstract and a purpose to

address the topic of study. Besides, the scope of the research is well defined. Apparently, the

rationale and the hypothesis are well indicated but key concepts or terms are not listed to guide

readers. The material addresses the topic of study and has been incorporated for this research.

In the methodology, Markov model tool was deployed to guide in assessing nurse burnout

and how it contributes to cost. The tool compares a facility that maintains a status quo on nurse

burnout with that where nurse burnout is addressed. Findings indicate that hospitals with burnout

reduction mechanisms for nurses spent $11,592 per nurse as compared to $16,736 for

recruitment of a new nurse. In conclusion, health facilities that have supportive programs for

nurses incurred less cost when compared to those where burnout was prevalent.

Wei, H., King, A., Jiang, Y., Sewell, K. A., & Lake, D. M. (2020). The impact of nurse leadership styles on nurse burnout: A systematic literature review. Nurse Leader, 18(5), 439-450. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.mnl.2020.04.002

The preceding publication provides systematic literature review on the impact of

leadership approaches on nurse burnout in a health organization. The purpose of the study is well

illustrated and aims to evaluate latest literature materials, especially those published between

2010 and 2019 to address the topic of nurse burnout on leadership. The scope and rationale used

remain unclear but the hypothesis has been well defined to guide in addressing the topic

understudy.

In the methodology, the authors use the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic

Reviews and Meta-Analyses approach to select 8 relevant articles for the research. Findings from

the research materials indicate that nurse leadership has a direct impact in determining burnout

among nurses. Specifically, transformational together with authentic leadership approaches were

crucial in addressing burnout among nurses compared to other leadership styles. In conclusion,

competency in leadership have a direct impact on nurse engagement and therefore determines

burnout among the staff.

Summary

The studies outline the negative effects of inadequate nursing staff on the quality outcomes for patients. Besides, benefits related to costs are realized to both patients and health facilities when patient-to-nurse ratios are met. Evidently, addressing nurse burnout ensures that time spent on care is reduced which equates to less financial burden to health institutions and patients (Wei et al., 2020). Even though nurse burnout can be considered as a structural problem within a health establishment, competent leadership in a facility can be used to empower as well as promote engagement of nurses to reduce instances of burnout in a care institution. Moreover, improved wellbeing of nurses and supportive work environment can help address burnout among the professionals in a health institution.

Main Points Learnt

Increased wellbeing support of nurses can help address nurse burnout
Leadership style in a health facility has a direct impact in nurse burnout
Nurse burnout increases nurse turnover in a health facility
Increased nurse burnout contributes to increased cost in an institution of care
Nurse burnout is a liability not only to patients but also to health organization

Contributions of the Sources Chosen

The selected articles provide an overview of nurse burnout and the burdens it causes not only to patients but also to health facilities. The sources are based on systematic review of literature materials and therefore contain elaborate findings from varied research work. Using the articles minimizes bias in knowledge acquisition as the findings are obtained from different authors (Muir et al., 2022). Besides, the articles are based on current data which will help in future practice of nursing care. Nonetheless, the articles provide a framework to build knowledge on impact of nurse burnout and offers materials for further reading which can equip one with supplementary materials on the topic of study.

References