Gerontology — the study of the aging process — examines the causes and effects of age-related illnesses in humans. The field examines the biological aspects of aging, such as artery walls stiffening in the cardiovascular system, and the unique psychological, social and physiological aspects of aging as well.
Adult gerontological nurse practitioners focus on the care and treatment of adults from later adulthood to end of life. This population has unique needs, as the body is no longer developing after the age of maturity. As patients age, the ability of their bodies to respond to stressors and heal declines. A few age-related changes in patients are:
- Decreased respiratory strength
- Reduced bone density
- Higher likelihood of infection
Gerontological Nursing Goals
A goal of a gerontological nurse is to provide the highest-quality care to older adults. Gerontological nurses focus on “the process of aging and the protection, promotion, restoration, and optimization of health and functions,” according to the American Nurses Association (ANA). This care includes preventing illness and injury, aiding the healing process, easing the effects of disease, and being advocates for the health of older adults.